{"name":"Seed Oil Tracker — Restaurant Chain Seed-Oil Grades","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Seed Oil Tracker (seedoiltracker.com)","source":"https://seedoiltracker.com/open-data","chain_count":27,"chains":[{"chain":"Starbucks","country":"FR","slug":"starbucks","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":0.961,"menu_items_scored":219,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed for France: Starbucks France publishes no frying-oil or fat-type statement; nothing is deep-fried in store. Drink fat is milk (semi-skimmed by default), whipped cream and sauces; bakery fat is butter in the sourdough croissants and unnamed vegetable fats in cakes, cookies and doughnuts (supplier-made)","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/starbucks"},{"chain":"Cojean","country":"FR","slug":"cojean","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":1.648,"menu_items_scored":413,"cooking_oil":"no deep fryer; dressings, mayonnaises, marinades and cooked dishes use rapeseed (colza) oil most often, plus sunflower and olive oil, as named in the chain's own ingredient lists; pastries use butter; oat-drink coffees use oat drink (rapeseed oil)","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/cojean"},{"chain":"Bagelstein","country":"FR","slug":"bagelstein","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":1.84,"menu_items_scored":145,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed by the chain; fries, fried onions, breaded chicken/cod and falafel assumed fried in sunflower oil (the usual French restaurant fryer oil), dressings/mayonnaise assumed rapeseed or sunflower","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/bagelstein"},{"chain":"Subway","country":"FR","slug":"subway","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":2.109,"menu_items_scored":107,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed for France: subwayfrance.fr and its nutrition / allergen poster name no oil; there are no fryers (Crousti Chicken, Röstis and Gauf'fries are baked in the store oven). Estimates assume rapeseed (canola) in bread and sauces as in Subway's other European markets (low confidence, not a French statement).","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/subway"},{"chain":"Courtepaille","country":"FR","slug":"courtepaille","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":2.147,"menu_items_scored":88,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: Courtepaille publishes no frying-oil statement on its own site, menu PDF or allergen PDF (checked courtepaille.com la carte page and the PE 2026 allergen book); scored as a sunflower-type fryer oil, the common French foodservice frying oil and the higher-PUFA reading, per higher-PUFA-wins. Grilled meats are wood-fire grilled; mains are listed without their side","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/courtepaille"},{"chain":"Columbus Café","country":"FR","slug":"columbus-cafe","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":2.281,"menu_items_scored":109,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: Columbus Café publishes no nutrition or fat information. Its own pages say muffins and cookies are made without palm oil ('sans huile de palme'), the ciabatta bread is made with olive oil and the focaccia with 100% olive oil; the muffin/cookie oil is not named, so a sunflower/rapeseed-type vegetable oil is assumed (evidence-labelled guess). Nothing is deep-fried in the coffee shops","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/columbus-cafe"},{"chain":"Hippopotamus","country":"FR","slug":"hippopotamus","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":2.804,"menu_items_scored":131,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: Hippopotamus publishes no frying-oil statement on its own site, menu PDF or allergen PDF (checked hippopotamus.fr allergen page, mentions sanitaires, savoir-faire and engagements pages (cooking oils only mentioned as recycled to biogas), the PE26 allergen PDF and the PE26 carte PDF (image only)); scored as a sunflower-type fryer oil, the common French foodservice frying oil and the higher-PUFA reading, per higher-PUFA-wins. Steaks are listed without their side (garniture au choix); the kids rows named like adult rows carry a menu enfant suffix","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/hippopotamus"},{"chain":"Sushi Shop","country":"FR","slug":"sushi-shop","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":2.836,"menu_items_scored":225,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed by the chain for France; tempura, panko/fried chicken (katsu, crousty) and crispy onions assumed fried in sunflower oil (usual French fryer oil); spicy / Japanese mayonnaise sauces are oil-based. Estimates only.","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/sushi-shop"},{"chain":"EXKi","country":"FR","slug":"exki","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":3.117,"menu_items_scored":52,"cooking_oil":"no deep fryer; dressings, hummus and cooked dishes use rapeseed (colza) oil most often, with sunflower oil in cakes and some pastry, soybean/sesame oil in the Chicken Bowl dressing and corn oil in the pastilla, per the chain's own ingredient lists; pastries use butter or palm/coconut/rapeseed margarine","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/exki"},{"chain":"Pomme de Pain","country":"FR","slug":"pomme-de-pain","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":3.216,"menu_items_scored":91,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed for France: Pomme de Pain publishes no frying-oil or sauce-oil statement (product pages list only short descriptions and allergens). Sandwich fat is mostly cheese, ham, butter ('beurre léger') and light mayonnaise; the Potatoes panel (fat 5.6 g, saturates 0.56 g = 10% of fat) fits sunflower oil, which is assumed (not stated)","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/pomme-de-pain"},{"chain":"Brioche Dorée","country":"FR","slug":"brioche-doree","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":3.353,"menu_items_scored":224,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: Brioche Dorée France names no frying oil or fat type. It does publish a nutrition table (spring-summer 2026) with fat and saturated fat per portion, which is where most of its numbers now come from. Nothing is fried in the restaurants; doughnuts, viennoiserie and cookies arrive from suppliers. Where the table shows fat the label does not explain, the oil is treated as an unnamed vegetable oil","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/brioche-doree"},{"chain":"McDonald's","country":"FR","slug":"mcdonald-s","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":3.451,"menu_items_scored":176,"cooking_oil":"sunflower and rapeseed oil blend in the restaurant fryers: McDonald's France's own fries page says 'nos frites sont cuites sur place dans de l'huile vegetale composee de tournesol et colza' (fries pre-fried at the supplier in vegetable oil); the fries panels print 9% saturates (Moyenne Frite 1.5 g of 16 g), consistent with that blend and not palm","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/mcdonald-s"},{"chain":"Pitaya","country":"FR","slug":"pitaya","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":3.537,"menu_items_scored":91,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: pitaya-thaistreetfood.com, its menu and its allergen grids (V48 August 2026, V49 September 2026) name no cooking or frying oil. Woks and fried snacks (crousty chicken, nems, tempura, wings) are estimated with an unspecified vegetable oil, low confidence.","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/pitaya"},{"chain":"Planet Sushi","country":"FR","slug":"planet-sushi","grade":"A","risk":"Low Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":3.736,"menu_items_scored":162,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed by the chain; tempura, panko (Crousty, Katsu, JB rolls) and fried onion assumed fried in sunflower oil (usual French fryer oil); spicy mayo / tartare / truffle sauces are mayonnaise-based","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/planet-sushi"},{"chain":"Buffalo Grill","country":"FR","slug":"buffalo-grill","grade":"B","risk":"Medium Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":4.079,"menu_items_scored":123,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: Buffalo Grill publishes no frying-oil statement on its own site, menu PDF or allergen PDF (checked buffalo-grill.fr la carte pages, FAQ (mentions only that frying-oil quality is checked) and the PE 2026 allergen PDF); scored as a sunflower-type fryer oil, the common French foodservice frying oil and the higher-PUFA reading, per higher-PUFA-wins. Mains are listed without their side: Buffalo Grill serves sides and sauces at will (footnote 7 on the carte), so fries and sauces are their own rows","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/buffalo-grill"},{"chain":"Del Arte","country":"FR","slug":"del-arte","grade":"B","risk":"Medium Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":4.555,"menu_items_scored":232,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: Del Arte names no cooking or frying oil on delarte.fr, in its product compositions or in its allergen data (the breaded escalopes, doughnut and calzone bites are the fried items); pizza dough and drizzles undisclosed. Scored with the undisclosed vegetable-oil pool against the printed saturates.","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/del-arte"},{"chain":"Five Guys","country":"FR","slug":"five-guys","grade":"B","risk":"Medium Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":4.655,"menu_items_scored":63,"cooking_oil":"refined peanut oil, the only fryer oil (fries are the only fried item): 'cuites dans une huile 100 % pure arachide raffinee' on fiveguys.fr and 'FRITES - CUITES A L'HUILE D'ARACHIDE' in the French guide; buns use 'matiere grasse vegetale (palme, colza)'; the mayonnaise and fry sauce are rapeseed oil ('huile de colza')","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/five-guys"},{"chain":"Popeyes","country":"FR","slug":"popeyes","grade":"B","risk":"Medium Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":4.712,"menu_items_scored":120,"cooking_oil":"fries: 'cuites dans de l'huile vegetale et de la graisse de boeuf' (vegetable oil plus beef fat, chain-stated on the French menu and allergen chart); chicken: hand-breaded and fried in store, oil not named by Popeyes France (assumed vegetable oil, sunflower/rapeseed; low confidence)","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/popeyes"},{"chain":"Paul","country":"FR","slug":"paul","grade":"B","risk":"Medium Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":4.855,"menu_items_scored":351,"cooking_oil":"no frying-oil statement for France. PAUL's own product descriptions: croissants, pains au chocolat and brioches are butter-based ('pur beurre'); bretzels are made with rapeseed oil ('huile de colza'); doughnuts, bugnes and mini beignets are made 'sans huile de palme' (palm-free) and fried in an unnamed vegetable oil (their low saturates, about 15% of fat, fit sunflower or rapeseed); sandwiches use butter or a plant spread ('tartinade végétale') and mayonnaise-type sauces","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/paul"},{"chain":"class'croute","country":"FR","slug":"class-croute","grade":"B","risk":"Medium Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":4.851,"menu_items_scored":430,"cooking_oil":"no single frying oil disclosed; the chain's own product compositions name the oils dish by dish: sunflower ('huile tournesol', most often in sauces, breaded chicken and plant-based fillings), rapeseed ('huile colza', dressings and mayonnaise), olive oil (grain salads, focaccia-style breads), sesame oil (rice bowls) and palm oil in a few bought-in pastries; breaded chicken ('aiguillette de poulet pané') and fried onions arrive pre-fried","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/class-croute"},{"chain":"O'Tacos","country":"FR","slug":"o-tacos","grade":"C","risk":"High Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":6.031,"menu_items_scored":121,"cooking_oil":"fryer oil not named, but the chain prints its own panel for it: 'HUILE | HUILE DE FRITURE | 100g': 900 kcal, fat 100 g, of which saturates 24 g (VN V12 FR, 03/06/2026). 24% saturates fits a palm-containing blend (palm/palm olein with rapeseed or sunflower), not a plain rapeseed or sunflower oil. The allergen table (ADO FR V46, 17 Sep 2026) says fried products share the fryers. Estimates take the blend's PUFA share as about 40% (upper half of the 24-43% range such a 24%-saturates blend can have, per the higher-number rule).","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/o-tacos"},{"chain":"Pizza Hut","country":"FR","slug":"pizza-hut","grade":"C","risk":"High Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":6.609,"menu_items_scored":248,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed for France. The chain's own menu says fries and wings are \"Oven cooked\" (no fryers); the oil in the pan dough and in the pre-fried supplier products is not named on pizzahut.fr or in its allergen table (15.9.2026). Estimates assume an unspecified vegetable oil.","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/pizza-hut"},{"chain":"Burger King","country":"FR","slug":"burger-king","grade":"C","risk":"High Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":7.086,"menu_items_scored":143,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed by Burger King France: the burgerking.fr menu data, the allergen table (edition 22/09/26: fried chicken, cheese, fish and potato products 'sont cuits dans les memes friteuses') and the support FAQ name no oil. Evidence from the chain's own panels: Gaufrette fries, nuggets, tenders and onion rings print 10-14% saturates (a low-saturate vegetable oil in the shared fryers, rapeseed or sunflower type); the regular fries print 31-32% saturates (a palm-containing par-fry). Scored as an undisclosed vegetable oil (58% PUFA), the higher-PUFA reading.","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/burger-king"},{"chain":"Léon","country":"FR","slug":"leon","grade":"C","risk":"High Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":7.245,"menu_items_scored":81,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed: Léon publishes no frying-oil statement on its own site, menu PDF or allergen PDF (checked restaurantleon.fr allergen page, the PE 2026 carte PDF, the allergen and drinks PDFs (only \"notre tempura secrète Léon\" is named for the fried fish)); scored as a sunflower-type fryer oil, the common French foodservice frying oil and the higher-PUFA reading, per higher-PUFA-wins. Moules, fish & chips, burgers and the entrecôte are served with fries, so those rows include a fries portion","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/leon"},{"chain":"Quick","country":"FR","slug":"quick","grade":"C","risk":"High Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":7.874,"menu_items_scored":200,"cooking_oil":"fluid frying-oil blend of sunflower, rapeseed and grape-seed oil developed with Lesieur, which replaced palm oil in the fryers (DH / La Derniere Heure, 'Quick assainit ses frites', 2013); the chain's own September 2026 guide names no oil, but its fries panels print 8.5-9% saturates (Moyenne Frites 1.1 g of 13 g), consistent with that blend and not with palm; the burger sauces are Lesieur oil sauces","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/quick"},{"chain":"Domino's","country":"FR","slug":"domino-s","grade":"D","risk":"Very High Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":9.612,"menu_items_scored":268,"cooking_oil":"not disclosed for France. Domino's France stores bake everything in the pizza oven (sides and desserts 'Tout juste sortis du four'); the oil in the dough and in the pre-fried supplier products (fries, breaded chicken) is not named on dominos.fr or in the allergen chart (250087_allergenes_c4_25.pdf, updated 29 Oct 2025). Estimates use an unspecified vegetable oil","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/domino-s"},{"chain":"KFC","country":"FR","slug":"kfc","grade":"D","risk":"Very High Risk","avg_pufa_per_item":10.242,"menu_items_scored":90,"cooking_oil":"sunflower and rapeseed oil blend in the fryers, no palm oil: KFC France's FAQ says 'l'huile de friture utilisee est un melange d'huiles de tournesol et de colza. Pas d'huile de palme chez nous !'; the fries panels print about 10% saturates (Moyennes Frites 0.9 g of 9.2 g), consistent with it","seed_oil_free_verified":false,"report_card":"https://seedoiltracker.com/fr/chains/kfc"}]}